The latest report on air pollution in the UK has revealed a substantial decline in particulate emissions from domestic combustion over the past few years. The data published by the Department for Environment, Food & Rural Affairs (DEFRA) shows a significant reduction in emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 from household biomass and solid fuel combustion between 2020 and 2023.

This reduction now means domestic combustion emissions are lower than road transport emissions, marking a significant milestone. Since 1990, emissions of PM2.5 and PM10 from domestic combustion have declined by a staggering 72%. This decline in emissions has led to a noticeable improvement in air quality, particularly in residential areas, contributing to a healthier environment for all.

The Stove Industry Association (SIA), which represents manufacturers, suppliers and retailers in the UK stove sector, has welcomed the findings. SIA Chair Andy Hill described the drop in emissions as a "notable achievement", reflecting the industry's ongoing efforts to limit environmental impacts and improve air quality through stove design and consumer education.

Modern stoves drastically cut emissions

A key driver in reducing domestic combustion emissions has been the shift towards modern, Ecodesign-compliant stoves, which can decrease particulate emissions by up to 90% compared to open fire. Replacing an old stove with a new model can also substantially cut emissions. The clearSkies certification scheme promotes the cleanest stoves on the market.

Along with stove design, the type of fuel used significantly influences emissions. Householders are increasingly aware of the importance of using high-quality dry wood rather than waste materials. The Woodsure Ready to Burn scheme, which is a certification program that ensures wood fuel has an ideal moisture content below 20%, helps consumers identify the best fuel for their stoves.

Ongoing collaboration to drive change

The stove industry has worked collaboratively to bring about the reduction in emissions revealed in the latest DEFRA figures. Manufacturers have innovated to create more efficient and cleaner-burning stoves. Industry bodies like the SIA have guided consumers in choosing the most appropriate appliance and using the correct fuels and techniques for optimal performance.

With over 230 members, the SIA has represented the sector in discussions with the government on policies supporting emissions reductions from domestic heating. These discussions have led to the development of regulations and incentives that encourage the use of cleaner stoves and fuels. Engagement with installers has also ensured stoves are fitted correctly to manufacturer guidelines, further contributing to the reduction in emissions.

The decline in particulate emissions reflects years of industry efforts to limit the environmental footprint of wood and solid fuel heating. However, the SIA notes that continued progress requires ongoing engagement between manufacturers, retailers, and consumers.

Advice for households

Homeowners wishing to reduce their emissions further can take advantage of these SIA tips:

The significant emissions reduction revealed by DEFRA shows that wood and solid fuel heating can successfully lower its environmental impacts. With industry innovation and public awareness, domestic combustion is well-placed to continue decreasing emissions in line with UK air quality goals.